SOCIAL WORK AND SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY FROM LEO XIII. TO BENEDICT XV.

Abstract

Background: Social work in the 19th and 20th centuries went through a transformation. In the 19th century, social work was often focused on charitable activities and voluntary organizations that provided assistance to the poor and needy. In the 20th century, it was significantly professionalized and became systematic, with an emphasis on training and a scientific approach to the work of social exclusion and inequalities. Results: New institutions were created, such as social services and agencies, which focused on providing help and support to the most vulnerable groups of the population. Social philosophy in the 19th and 20th centuries was characterized by similar approaches and ideas. The 19th century saw the birth of major social theories and ideologies, such as Marxism, liberalism, conservatism, and anarchism. Conclusions: Marxism focuses on the analysis of the capitalist system and the working class, while liberalism emphasized individual freedom and the market economy.